Legacy system modernization paralysis in established enterprises

Japanese and other established enterprises are trapped using 20+ year old computer systems because the switching costs, operational risks, and organizational resistance are too high. Companies would rather leave critical positions unfilled than automate with modern AI tools, indicating they lack a practical, low-risk path to modernization that doesn't disrupt core operations. Current solutions (full system replacements, cloud migrations) are too expensive, time-consuming, and risky for risk-averse organizations.